BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to assess the relationship of cystatine C to other cardiovascular risk factors in hypertension .
PATIENTS AND METHOD: Cross-sectional study in hypertensive outpatients with normal creatinine values (< 1.6 mg/dl for males and < 1.4 mg/dl for women). Cystatin C was analyzed by immunonephelometry.
RESULTS: 283 patients (47% male) were evaluated. Cystatin C values were 0.65 (0.27) mg/l (median, intercuartile range, percentile 70 = 0.76 mg/l), and were correlated to the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (ml/min/1.73 m2), C reactive protein , and urinary albumin excretion (UAE). In multiple regression analysis the GFR was the most significant factor and explained 38% of cystatine C variability. GFR, (odds ratio [OR] = 5.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.27-15.03; p < 0.001), age (OR = 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02-1.08; p < 0.001), and CRP (OR = 2.03; 95% CI, 1.07-3.84; p = 0.03), but not UAE >= 30 mg/24 h, were independent factors related to the presence of high levels (> 0.76 mg/l) of cystatine C in a logistic regression analysis. 58% of patients with UAE >= 30 mg/24h had cystatin C values < 0,76 mg/l.
CONCLUSIONS: In hypertensive patients, the GFR is the most important factor related to cystatine C values. Increased levels of cystatine C do not correspond to UAE augmentation.
Med Clin (Barc). 2008 Jan 19;130(1):1-5.Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Riesgo Vascular. Servicio de Medicina Interna. Hospital de Sagunto. Agencia Valenciana de Salud. Valencia. España
Thursday
CST3 CYSTATIN C
GeneID: 1471
Cystatin 3 , usually called Cystatin C (also CST3 and Gamma trace) is a serum protein used mainly as a measure of glomerular filtration rate . It is a single 120-residue polypeptide belonging to the type 2 cystatin gene family. Studies have shown that Cystatin C allows a more precise testing of kidney function than creatinine.
The cystatin superfamily encompasses proteins that contain multiple cystatin-like sequences. Some of the members are active cysteine protease inhibitors , while others have lost or perhaps never acquired this inhibitory activity. There are three inhibitory families in the superfamily, including the type 1 cystatins (stefins), type 2 cystatins and the kininogens. The type 2 cystatin proteins are a class of cysteine proteinase inhibitors found in a variety of human fluids and secretions, where they appear to provide protective functions. The cystatin locus on chromosome 20 contains the majority of the type 2 cystatin genes and pseudogenes. This gene is located in the cystatin locus and encodes the most abundant extracellular inhibitor of cysteine proteases , which is found in high concentrations in biological fluids and is expressed in virtually all organs of the body. A mutation in this gene has been associated with amyloid angiopathy . Expression of this protein in vascular wall smooth muscle cells is severely reduced in both atherosclerotic and aneurysmal aortic lesions, establishing its role in vascular disease.
Cystatin 3 , usually called Cystatin C (also CST3 and Gamma trace) is a serum protein used mainly as a measure of glomerular filtration rate . It is a single 120-residue polypeptide belonging to the type 2 cystatin gene family. Studies have shown that Cystatin C allows a more precise testing of kidney function than creatinine.
The cystatin superfamily encompasses proteins that contain multiple cystatin-like sequences. Some of the members are active cysteine protease inhibitors , while others have lost or perhaps never acquired this inhibitory activity. There are three inhibitory families in the superfamily, including the type 1 cystatins (stefins), type 2 cystatins and the kininogens. The type 2 cystatin proteins are a class of cysteine proteinase inhibitors found in a variety of human fluids and secretions, where they appear to provide protective functions. The cystatin locus on chromosome 20 contains the majority of the type 2 cystatin genes and pseudogenes. This gene is located in the cystatin locus and encodes the most abundant extracellular inhibitor of cysteine proteases , which is found in high concentrations in biological fluids and is expressed in virtually all organs of the body. A mutation in this gene has been associated with amyloid angiopathy . Expression of this protein in vascular wall smooth muscle cells is severely reduced in both atherosclerotic and aneurysmal aortic lesions, establishing its role in vascular disease.
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